The tests that decide which operation you get
Four tests answer four different questions. Skipping one is the most common route to the wrong operation.
pH monitoring is the standard for proving reflux exists. It runs 48 to 72 hours using either a wireless Bravo capsule or a catheter, while you eat, sleep, work, and exercise normally. It measures how often reflux happens, how long each episode lasts, how acidic it is, when it occurs, and whether your symptoms line up with actual reflux events. A snapshot taken in a clinic cannot capture any of that.
Esophageal manometry measures strength and coordination. Every anti-reflux operation adds resistance at the gastroesophageal junction. If your esophagus cannot push food past that resistance, the result is dysphagia. Manometry is also how achalasia, esophageal spasm, and ineffective motility get caught before an operation makes them worse. The findings determine whether a full wrap is safe, whether a partial wrap is the better choice, and whether a magnetic device is appropriate at all.
Barium swallow is used selectively, mostly when food sticks or anatomy needs another look. One finding from it is worth knowing before you describe your symptoms: where a patient feels food catch matches the actual anatomic location only about 60 percent of the time. Someone certain the problem is in their throat frequently turns out to have delay in the lower esophagus.
Dual-channel pH impedance testing is the one most Clearwater patients have not been offered. Standard reflux testing measures only above the lower esophageal sphincter. Dr. Grandhige uses a customized 24-hour probe that measures above both the lower and the upper esophageal sphincter, and measures non-acid reflux, including bile, pepsin, and trypsin, which only impedance detects. The reason this matters is sensitivity. The esophagus tolerates 40 to 50 reflux episodes a day. The larynx and pharynx can produce symptoms from one.
Patients with throat clearing, hoarseness, cough, or a lump sensation are routinely told surgery has roughly a 50 percent chance of helping them. That number reflects imprecise selection, not the ceiling of the operation. With dual-channel testing identifying who actually has reflux reaching the larynx, expected improvement rises to about 80 percent. Roughly 50 to 60 percent of silent reflux patients test into surgical candidacy. The other 40 to 50 percent are told no, which is the point of running the test. Reimbursement for this study is poor, which is a large part of why most centers do not perform it.
Which operation fits your anatomy
Every hiatal hernia repair solves the same mechanical problem: the stomach is pulled back below the diaphragm and the hiatus is closed. What gets added on top of that repair is where the decision lives, and it turns on your motility, your hernia size, and what you care about most.
Dr. Grandhige has performed over 600 fundoplications, over 600 LINX procedures, and over 200 TIF procedures, and he is the only board-certified surgeon in the Tampa Bay area performing all three regularly. That matters less as a volume claim than as a selection claim. A surgeon who performs one operation recommends one operation.
Fundoplication comes in four configurations: Nissen at 360 degrees, Toupet as a posterior 270, Watson as an anterior 270, and Dor as an anterior partial. The operation runs 90 minutes to two hours. It is the most durable option, it has decades of outcome data behind it, it handles large hernias, and the configuration can be adjusted downward for a weak esophagus. The tradeoff is real: depending on the wrap, burping and vomiting may be limited, and gas-bloat is more common than with the alternatives.
LINX is a ring of magnetic titanium beads placed around the lower esophagus. It does not wrap the stomach, which preserves normal anatomy, keeps future options open, and lets most patients burp and vomit once early inflammation settles. It is removable. It requires good esophageal motility, and early swallowing difficulty is more common than with fundoplication. Current devices are MRI compatible to 1.5 Tesla. Hernia size does not disqualify you, as long as the hernia is repaired at the same time.
TIF is performed through the mouth in 45 to 60 minutes with no abdominal incisions. It also cannot repair a hiatal hernia, because it never reaches the diaphragm. Dr. Grandhige quotes its failure rate at 2 percent per year, roughly 20 percent per decade, and describes it as the best endoscopic option available rather than a permanent one. He does not offer it to patients with more than a minimal hernia, to patients with Barrett’s esophagus, severe esophagitis, or a stricture, or to obese patients. Most of TIF’s mixed reputation comes from being used outside those limits.
Repair is recommended for any hiatal hernia over three centimeters. At that size the hernia is mechanically driving the reflux, medication cannot correct it, and it tends to enlarge. Larger hernias carry a risk of gastric volvulus and of an atonic stomach that may not recover even after the repair.
Two things the other pages are getting wrong
RefluxStop is not available in the United States yet
RefluxStop has not received FDA approval, and no surgeon in Florida can implant it today.
Several pages ranking for hiatal hernia surgery in this region describe practices adding RefluxStop in 2026 and becoming the only provider of all four anti-reflux procedures. The regulatory record does not support that yet. Implantica submitted its final response to the FDA on the RefluxStop premarket approval application in May 2026, following six pre-approval inspections covering manufacturing, quality systems, and clinical trial conduct. The device carries a CE mark in Europe and has published five-year follow-up data. It has not cleared FDA premarket approval, and it cannot be implanted commercially in this country until it does.
If a surgeon tells you today that they offer RefluxStop, ask for the FDA approval date. Tampa Bay Reflux Institute will offer it when it is approved and not before.
Mesh versus sutures has no proven winner
There is no proven winner between mesh reinforcement and sutures alone, and recurrence is more common than most surgical pages admit.
A randomized trial followed for 13 years found radiologic hiatal hernia recurrence in 38 percent of patients repaired with non-absorbable mesh and 31 percent of patients repaired with crural sutures alone, a difference that was not statistically meaningful. Multiple randomized comparisons of absorbable mesh, non-absorbable mesh, and primary repair have reached the same place, and the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons reports mixed and low-certainty findings on both recurrence and dysphagia. You can read the 13-year randomized follow-up in JAMA Surgery directly.
Two things follow from that. First, a repair that holds for years and then loosens is a known behavior of this operation, not a surgical failure, which is why Dr. Grandhige frames these as functional repairs with a wear profile rather than permanent fixes. Second, the reinforcement decision belongs to the operating room. It is made on hernia size, tissue quality, and what the hiatus looks like once it is exposed, not on a practice’s standing preference for one material.
Recovery, and what results actually look like
Most patients go home the same day. Diet progresses over two to three months. Typical reflux symptoms often improve immediately. Throat symptoms take four to six months.
One instruction carries more weight than the rest: do not vomit. Vomiting in the early postoperative period is associated with early failure of the hiatal hernia repair, which is why nausea control is managed aggressively and why the diet stages are not negotiable. Most patients can eat everything again long term, and many expand their diet to include foods that used to trigger symptoms.
For patients with typical symptoms, meaning heartburn and regurgitation, who have objective evidence of reflux, appropriate anatomy, and good esophageal function, the practice reports greater than 95 percent achieving meaningful symptom relief and coming off daily reflux medication. Results are lower in patients with reduced motility, long-standing disease, large or recurrent hernias, prior foregut surgery, or prior bariatric surgery. Those cases are discussed individually before any decision.
Surgery fixes reflux. It does not fix every symptom you walked in with. Bloating, abdominal pain, and some throat and sinus complaints often have a separate mechanism, and Dr. Grandhige tells patients before surgery which of their symptoms he expects to improve, which may improve partially, and which are unlikely to be reflux at all. The rule afterward is six months. At that point, whatever remains gets addressed, sometimes with another specialist. More patient education on recovery and testing is available on the practice blog.
Who performs the operation
Gopal Grandhige, MD, FACS is a board-certified general surgeon who has practiced foregut surgery in Tampa Bay since 2009. He earned a Bachelor of Science in Biology from Johns Hopkins University and his medical degree from the University of Michigan. He completed general surgery residency at Yale-New Haven Hospital, followed by two fellowships there: burn and critical care, and foregut and minimally invasive surgery.
He is a Founding Member of the American Foregut Society, a member of the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons, and a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons. He founded Tampa Bay Reflux Center in 2009 and Tampa Bay Reflux Institute in 2022.
He holds privileges at St. Joseph’s Main Hospital, St. Joseph’s South Hospital, HCA Brandon Hospital, and HCA South Tampa Hospital, and performs all foregut surgery at HCA South Tampa with a single team. The same physician assistant assists every case, participates in operative decisions, and handles postoperative questions, so you are not routed to a provider who has never seen your anatomy.
Board certification can be verified through the American Board of Surgery physician lookup and licensure through the Florida Department of Health Medical Quality Assurance license search.
Tampa Bay Reflux Institute 1315 South Howard Ave., Suite 101 Tampa, FL 33606 Phone: 813.922.2920 Hours: 9 a.m. to 6 p.m., Monday through Friday

Questions Clearwater patients ask
Take the first step
If you have been on reflux medication for years, if your endoscopy came back normal but your symptoms did not stop, or if you have been told you have a hiatal hernia and left it there, the next step is a test that measures what is actually happening. From Clearwater that is two visits and a causeway crossing.
An endoscopy cannot tell you if you have reflux. It can only tell you if you have complications of GERD.
If you are unhappy with your reflux symptoms, come in and we can discuss testing and treatments that can accurately diagnose your problem.
#reflux #gerd #hiatalhernia #gastroparesis #linx
CALL US AT 813-922-2920
www.tampareflux.com
If you have a hiatal hernia and fit one of these categories, you should know your options.
Dr. Grandhige is an expert in his field and performs 200 of these surgeries a year. He is the only surgeon in the Tampa Bay Area who offers all surgical options - LINX, Fundoplications, TIF and will be one of 20 surgeons in America introducing the latest procedure RefluxStop in 2026.
We accept most insurances but will verify yours before you come in. These procedures are considered medically necessary and covered by your insurance. You can expect to pay your in-network deductibles and nothing else.
#hiatalhernia #reflux #GERD #LINX #refluxstop
What causes reflux ?
1. Weak lower esophageal sphincter
2. Hiatal hernia
3. Flattening of the Angle of His
4. Poor esophageal motility
5. Gastroparesis (slow stomach)
NOT increased acid production
Don’t let GERD get in the way of living your life. Request your appointment with us today on the link below.
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https://tampareflux.com/contact-us/
Anyone can be victim to GERD and though weight loss can help reduce GERD symptoms. Many athletes with high impact workouts may continue to have these symptoms. This may be a symptom of a hiatal hernia or other issue. We are more then happy to assist you in finding your solution, just click the link below.
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https://tampareflux.com/contact-us/
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#tampabayrefluxinstitute #guthealth #roboticsurgery
Heartburn may seem like an annoyance. But if you find yourself having symptoms on a daily basis, it may be time to to talk to Dr. Grandhige as it could be a symptom of something worse.
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#chronicheartburn #gerdsymptoms #heartburnrelief #reflux #PPIs #heartburn #LINX #fundoplication #TIF #GERD#tampaheartburn #linx #TIF #fundoplication #tampabayreflux #GERD #acidreflux #acidrefluxsurgery #stopreflux
#nonsurgicalweightloss #ESG #gastricballoon #weightlossjourney #vsg #vsgjourney #spatz3 #orbera #orberaballoon #grandhige #DrG
#tampabayrefluxinstitute #guthealth #roboticsurgery
If you are tired of avoiding your favorite foods or taking daily medications, we can help.
We are the Tampa experts in reflux ! With years of experience and thousands of patients treated successfully, we offer all FDA approved anti-reflux procedures.
Call 813-922-2920 to schedule your appointment
All major insurances accepted.
Not all patients need surgical intervention. Many patients are living a heartburn free life with their PPIs. However 40% of patients taking PPIs are not getting the relief they need. If you are one of those, you have options! Come in and find out more.
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#nonsurgicalweightloss #ESG #gastricballoon #weightlossjourney #vsg #vsgjourney #spatz3 #orbera #orberaballoon #grandhige #DrG
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